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Related Concept Videos

Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
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Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
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A Flow Cytometry-based Assay to Identify Compounds That Disrupt Binding of Fluorescently-labeled CXC Chemokine Ligand 12 to CXC Chemokine Receptor 4
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Human Cytomegalovirus US28: a functionally selective chemokine binding receptor.

Jennifer Vomaske1, J A Nelson, Daniel N Streblow

  • 1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and The Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.

Infectious Disorders Drug Targets
|July 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) uses the US28 chemokine receptor to manipulate immune responses and promote disease. Understanding US28

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Area of Science:

  • Virology and Immunology
  • Molecular and Cellular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chemokines are crucial for immune cell recruitment during viral infections.
  • Viruses like human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can interfere with or exploit chemokine pathways.
  • HCMV encodes unique chemokine receptor-like molecules, including the well-studied US28.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the HCMV-encoded US28 chemokine receptor.
  • To understand US28's function as a virulence factor in HCMV-associated diseases.
  • To explore the structure-function relationships of US28 for potential therapeutic targeting.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of US28 as a multi-chemokine binding receptor.
  • Analysis of ligand binding and subsequent cellular signaling pathways.
  • Investigation of constitutive activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and NF-kB.

Main Results:

  • US28 binds ligands from two distinct chemokine classes, demonstrating functional selectivity.
  • Ligand binding to US28 triggers cell migration via specific signaling pathways.
  • US28 constitutively activates PLC and NF-kB signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • HCMV US28 is a multifunctional chemokine receptor involved in viral pathogenesis.
  • US28's ability to bind multiple chemokines and activate signaling pathways highlights its importance.
  • Elucidating US28's structure-function relationships is key for developing targeted therapies.