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Fluorescence-microscopy Screening and Next-generation Sequencing: Useful Tools for the Identification of Genes Involved in Organelle Integrity

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Published on: April 13, 2012

Markers and mapping revisited: finding your gene.

Neil Jones¹, Helen Ougham², Howard Thomas¹

¹IBERS, Aberystwyth University, Edward Llwyd Building, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3DA, UK.

The New Phytologist

|July 15, 2009

Summary

This review updates genetic mapping marker science, detailing new DNA markers like single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and advancements in genomics and bioinformatics for plant gene discovery.

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Area of Science:

Plant genetics and genomics
Molecular marker technology

Background:

This paper reviews advancements in genetic mapping and molecular markers since 1997.
It covers early markers like RFLPs, RAPDs, SSRs, and QTLs.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an updated overview of new marker systems and genomic resources.
To highlight the integration of bioinformatics in plant genome analysis.
To illustrate gene-hunting strategies with a case study.

Main Methods:

Description of novel marker systems: CAP, S-SAP, ISSR, STS, SCAR, SAMPL, SNP, EST, SRAP, TRAP, microarrays, DArT, SSCP, DGGE, TGGE, and methylation-sensitive PCR.
Review of genomics and bioinformatics resources, including plant EST databases.
Application of mapping tools and comparative genomics for gene identification.

Main Results:

Numerous new marker technologies have emerged, significantly expanding genetic analysis capabilities.
Vast increases in plant EST data and bioinformatics tools facilitate gene discovery.
A case study successfully identified the stay-green (SGR) gene using comprehensive mapping resources.

Conclusions:

The field of plant genetic mapping has rapidly evolved with new markers and genomic data.
Bioinformatics and advanced mapping tools are crucial for deciphering plant genomes.
Future plant science will be driven by continued progress in genome analysis and application.