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Bronchial diverticula in smokers on thin-section CT.

Nicola Sverzellati1, Anna Ingegnoli, Elisa Calabrò

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Radiology, University of Parma, Ospedale Maggiore di Parma, Padiglione Barbieri, V Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy. nicolasve@tiscali.it

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Bronchial diverticula are common in smokers, found in nearly half of individuals studied. These findings correlate with increased smoking, coughing, emphysema, and airway wall thickening, indicating smoking-related lung damage.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Radiology
  • Thoracic Imaging

Background:

  • Bronchial diverticula are outpouchings of the bronchial wall.
  • Their prevalence and clinical significance in smokers are not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of bronchial diverticula in smokers using thin-section CT.
  • To investigate the association between bronchial diverticula and clinical features, smoking history, and other CT-detected lung abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Thin-section CT scans of 503 cigarette smokers were reviewed.
  • Prevalence and extent of bronchial diverticula were graded.
  • Correlation with emphysema, bronchial wall thickness, clinical data, and pulmonary function was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Bronchial diverticula were present in 45.5% of smokers.
  • Grade 2 diverticula (more than three) were associated with heavier smoking, more frequent coughing, worse pulmonary function, greater emphysema, and thicker bronchial walls.
  • Bronchial wall thickness was the only significant predictor of diverticula extent.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchial diverticula are a frequent incidental finding in the major airways of smokers.
  • Their presence and extent are linked to other manifestations of smoking-induced lung damage.