Bilateral lower extremity compartment syndromes secondary to intraosseous fluid resuscitation

Intraosseous infusions are reserved for use in life-threatening hypovolemic or cardiogenic shock when intravenous (i.v.) access cannot be readily established. Although minor fluid extravasation is a common problem with this technique, a fully established compartment syndrome has never been reported. We describe a child with severe compartment syndromes of both lower extremities complicating the use of intraosseous fluid resuscitation.