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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
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Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
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Cellular Adaptation III: Hyperplasia01:26

Cellular Adaptation III: Hyperplasia

Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ due to enhanced cell division. It is an adaptive, controlled response to stimuli such as injury, hormones, or stress, involving mitosis to produce genetically identical cells and support tissue repair and regeneration.Tissue CapacityCertain tissues, including the epidermis, intestinal epithelium, bone marrow, and fibroblasts, have a high potential for hyperplasia. Others, such as bone, cartilage, and smooth muscle, show...
Erythropoiesis01:14

Erythropoiesis

Red blood cells  (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia, and...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

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Factors Affecting Erythropoiesis

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Positron Emission Tomography Using 64-Copper as a Tracer for the Study of Copper-Related Disorders
06:52

Positron Emission Tomography Using 64-Copper as a Tracer for the Study of Copper-Related Disorders

Published on: April 28, 2023

Hematogone hyperplasia in copper deficiency.

Lisa Sutton1, Madhuri Vusirikala, Weina Chen

  • 1Deptartment of Pathology, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390-9072, USA.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology
|July 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Copper deficiency can cause anemia and neutropenia, mimicking myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Prompt copper level assessment can identify this treatable condition, especially with neuropathy and normal cytogenetics.

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

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06:52

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Published on: April 28, 2023

Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells
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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
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Published on: September 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Copper deficiency is an underrecognized cause of cytopenias.
  • It can present with anemia and neutropenia, mimicking myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).
  • Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.

Observation:

  • Two cases of copper deficiency presenting with characteristic morphologic findings are reported.
  • Findings included cytoplasmic vacuolization of erythroid/myeloid precursors and iron-containing plasma cells.
  • Both patients exhibited hematogone hyperplasia, a feature typically absent in MDS.

Findings:

  • Hematogone hyperplasia can help differentiate nonclonal cytopenias like copper deficiency from MDS.
  • Morphologic findings are key diagnostic clues for copper deficiency.
  • Copper deficiency should be considered in patients with suspected low-grade MDS.

Implications:

  • Assessing copper levels is recommended for patients with suspected MDS, particularly those with neuropathy and normal cytogenetics.
  • Identifying and treating copper deficiency can prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments for MDS.
  • This highlights the importance of considering nutritional deficiencies in hematologic disorders.