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Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Responding to amniotic fluid embolism.

Yvonne A Dobbenga-Rhodes1

  • 1Washington Hospital Healthcare System, Fremont, CA, USA.

AORN Journal
|July 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare obstetric emergency with high mortality. Prompt recognition and intervention, including rapid fetal delivery and aggressive cardiorespiratory support, are crucial for maternal and infant survival.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but often fatal obstetric emergency.
  • Diagnosis is challenging due to high mortality and unclear etiologies.
  • AFE can occur anytime during labor, delivery, or cesarean birth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical importance of recognizing and managing amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) in the operating room.
  • To emphasize the need for perioperative nurses to be aware of AFE symptoms and interventions.
  • To underscore the urgency of interventions for improved maternal and fetal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review of current understanding and clinical recommendations for AFE management.
  • Focuses on the perioperative nursing role in identifying and responding to AFE.
  • Emphasizes the critical interventions required during an AFE event.

Main Results:

  • Early recognition and rapid intervention significantly improve survival rates for AFE.
  • Aggressive cardiorespiratory support is essential for maternal survival.
  • Immediate fetal delivery is imperative for both maternal and fetal outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Perioperative nurses must be vigilant in recognizing AFE during obstetric procedures.
  • Swift and decisive action, including rapid delivery and supportive care, is key to managing AFE.
  • Understanding AFE is vital for improving outcomes in this high-risk obstetric emergency.