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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
Heuristics01:21

Heuristics

Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that use mental shortcuts to simplify decision-making. Unlike algorithms, which must be followed precisely to achieve a correct result, heuristics offer a general problem-solving framework. They save time and energy but can sometimes lead to less rational decisions.
People often rely on heuristics when faced with an overload of information, limited time, low importance of the decision, limited information, or when a heuristic readily comes to mind. For...
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the brain can only use...
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Cognitive processes as integrative component for developing expert decision-making systems: a workflow centered

Ashis Jalote-Parmar1, Petra Badke-Schaub, Wajid Ali

  • 1Faculty of Industrial Design and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Landbergstraat 15, 2628 CE Delft, The Netherlands.

Journal of Biomedical Informatics
|July 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a framework for expert decision-making systems in surgery, enhancing clinical workflow and situation awareness. The developed intra-operative visualization system (IVS) significantly improved decision-making during procedures.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Cognitive Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Expert decision-making systems are crucial for improving surgical task performance and reducing errors.
  • Effective intra-operative information visualization and understanding clinical workflow are key to accurate situation awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a workflow-centered framework for designing expert decision-making systems.
  • To integrate clinical workflow knowledge and situation awareness theory into system design.
  • To apply the framework in developing an intra-operative visualization system (IVS) for minimally invasive procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a framework integrating clinical workflow requirements and situation awareness theory.
  • Designed an intra-operative visualization system (IVS) as an application example.
  • Conducted an evaluative study comparing IVS with traditional ultrasound-guided procedures.

Main Results:

  • The intra-operative visualization system (IVS) demonstrated significant improvements in clinical decision-making.
  • Expert intervention radiologists and medical students showed enhanced performance with the IVS.
  • The study provides evidence for the benefits of integrating cognitive processes into system development.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating cognitive process knowledge into system development supports clinical decision-making.
  • The developed framework and IVS contribute to improved task performance and error prevention in surgery.
  • This approach highlights the importance of user-centered design for advanced clinical decision support systems.