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Downregulation of T helper cell type 3 in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Qing-wei Ji1, Min Guo, Jin-song Zheng

  • 1Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Archives of Medical Research
|July 18, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Decreased T helper 3 (Th3) cells and TGF-beta1 levels are linked to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This suggests Th3 cells may influence plaque instability and ACS onset in patients.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • Th1/Th2 imbalance is implicated in atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
  • T helper 3 (Th3) cells secrete TGF-beta1 and can inhibit Th1/Th2 responses.
  • The role of Th3 cells in plaque destabilization and ACS onset requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the involvement of Th3 cells in plaque destabilization.
  • To determine the association between Th3 cells and the onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Main Methods:

  • Ninety-one patients undergoing diagnostic catheterization were grouped: AMI, unstable angina, stable angina, and chest pain syndrome.
  • Flow cytometry was used to quantify Th1, Th2, and Th3 cell frequencies.
  • ELISA measured concentrations of IFN-gamma, IL-4, and TGF-beta1.

Main Results:

  • Patients with ACS showed a significant decrease in peripheral Th3 cell numbers compared to stable angina and chest pain syndrome groups (p<0.01).
  • Lower levels of TGF-beta1 were observed in ACS patients versus stable angina and chest pain syndrome groups (p<0.01).
  • An imbalance between Th1 and Th2 cells was also noted in ACS patients.

Conclusions:

  • Downregulation of Th3 cells may contribute to plaque destabilization.
  • Reduced Th3 cell activity is potentially involved in the pathogenesis of ACS.
  • Th3 cells represent a potential therapeutic target for managing ACS.
Abstract

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