An environmentally friendly reflectometric method for bumetanide determination in pharmaceuticals

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Spectroscopy
• Green Chemistry

Background:

• Accurate quantification of bumetanide is crucial for pharmaceutical quality control.
• Existing analytical methods may lack environmental sustainability or specificity.
• Development of rapid, cost-effective, and eco-friendly analytical techniques is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate a green analytical procedure for bumetanide determination.
• To utilize diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) for quantitative analysis.
• To assess the method's applicability to pharmaceutical formulations.

Main Methods:

• A spot test reaction between bumetanide and p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (p-DAC) in an acid medium on filter paper.
• Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy measurements at 525 nm.
• Optimization of reaction conditions using experimental design methodologies.

Main Results:

• The method demonstrated a linear range of 1.37 x 10(-4) to 1.37 x 10(-3) mol L(-1) with a high correlation coefficient (0.998).
• A low detection limit of 3.98 x 10(-5) mol L(-1) was achieved.
• Analysis of five commercial bumetanide medicines showed no interference from common excipients.
• Results favorably compared with the United States Pharmacopoeia method.

Conclusions:

• The proposed green analytical procedure using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy is accurate, sensitive, and suitable for bumetanide determination in pharmaceutical products.
• The method is robust and free from interference from common pharmaceutical excipients.
• This approach offers a sustainable alternative for bumetanide analysis.