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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
09:21

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

Published on: October 22, 2018

Insights into SAGA function during gene expression.

Susana Rodríguez-Navarro1

  • 1Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain. srodriguez@cipf.es

EMBO Reports
|July 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The SAGA complex, a key epigenetic regulator, acetylates and deubiquitinates histones. New research reveals its role in transcription elongation and mRNA export, suggesting a gene expression checkpoint.

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and Gene Regulation
  • Molecular Biology
  • Chromatin Biology

Background:

  • Histone modifications are fundamental to epigenetic control.
  • The Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA) complex modulates gene expression through histone acetylation (Gcn5) and deubiquitination (Ubp8).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding the SAGA complex's functions.
  • To highlight the characterization of the SAGA deubiquitination module.
  • To emphasize newly identified roles in transcription elongation and mRNA export.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent SAGA complex research.
  • Focus on functional characterization of SAGA modules.
  • Analysis of conserved components in human SAGA.

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A Bioinformatics Pipeline for Investigating Molecular Evolution and Gene Expression using RNA-seq
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A Bioinformatics Pipeline for Investigating Molecular Evolution and Gene Expression using RNA-seq

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Measuring mRNA Levels Over Time During the Yeast S. cerevisiae Hypoxic Response
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Measuring mRNA Levels Over Time During the Yeast S. cerevisiae Hypoxic Response

Published on: August 10, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
09:21

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

Published on: October 22, 2018

A Bioinformatics Pipeline for Investigating Molecular Evolution and Gene Expression using RNA-seq
07:09

A Bioinformatics Pipeline for Investigating Molecular Evolution and Gene Expression using RNA-seq

Published on: May 28, 2021

Measuring mRNA Levels Over Time During the Yeast S. cerevisiae Hypoxic Response
09:45

Measuring mRNA Levels Over Time During the Yeast S. cerevisiae Hypoxic Response

Published on: August 10, 2017

Main Results:

  • The SAGA deubiquitination module's role has been further elucidated.
  • SAGA complex is implicated in transcription elongation.
  • SAGA complex plays a role in messenger-RNA export.

Conclusions:

  • A crosstalk between chromatin remodeling, transcription, and mRNA export mediated by SAGA may act as a gene expression checkpoint.
  • The discovery of new human SAGA components confirms its evolutionary conservation.