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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
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Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Published on: April 15, 2015

Single medial prefrontal neurons cope with error.

Thomas Michelet1, Bernard Bioulac, Dominique Guehl

  • 1CNRS UMR 5227 MAC Mouvement-Adaptation-Cognition, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France. thomas.michelet@u-bordeaux2.fr

Plos One
|July 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Learning from errors improves performance. Neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) detect errors and enhance alertness, leading to better behavioral adaptation after mistakes.

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Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex
09:00

Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Published on: April 15, 2015

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
07:07

Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice

Published on: June 5, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Short-term adaptation to errors is crucial for learning but its neural mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Attentional system modulation following erroneous actions is a potential mechanism for adaptation.
  • Previous studies identified anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) neurons tuned to error evaluation in monkeys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ACC neurons in error detection and response alertness.
  • To determine if ACC neuronal activity after errors correlates with improved subsequent performance.
  • To elucidate the neural basis of rapid behavioral adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • A Stroop-like visuo-motor task designed to elicit erroneous actions in monkeys.
  • Single-unit recordings from the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC).
  • Analysis of neuronal firing patterns in response to warning stimuli after correct and erroneous trials.

Main Results:

  • Identified ACC neurons involved in both error detection and response alertness.
  • Observed enhanced neuronal firing in response to warning stimuli after errors compared to correct trials.
  • Demonstrated a correlation between this enhanced neuronal activity and a decrease in error rates.

Conclusions:

  • The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a significant role in rapid behavioral adaptation.
  • ACC neurons integrate error signals with response alertness to facilitate performance improvement.
  • These findings highlight the ACC as a critical computational hub for adaptive behavior.