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Sociotropy, autonomy, and masculinity/femininity: implications for vulnerability to depression.

Jody L Newman1, Elizabeth A Gray, Dale R Fuqua

  • 1Department of Educational Psychology, 820 Van Vleet Oval, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-2041, USA. jlnewman@ou.edu

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Sociotropy, related to femininity, and autonomy, related to masculinity, show overlap with sex-role orientation. Women scored higher in sociotropy than men, suggesting links between depression vulnerability and gender roles.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Sociotropy and autonomy are personality traits linked to vulnerability to depression.
  • Sex-role orientation describes an individual's identification with masculine or feminine traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between sociotropy, autonomy, and sex-role orientation.
  • To determine if personality dimensions of sociotropy and autonomy overlap with masculine and feminine sex-role orientations.

Main Methods:

  • Examined Beck's Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale in relation to 6 sex-role orientation measures.
  • Utilized principal axis factor analysis on data from 153 undergraduate students (95 women, 58 men).

Main Results:

  • Sociotropy strongly correlated with the feminine factor, while autonomy strongly correlated with the masculine factor.
  • Women scored significantly higher on sociotropy than men; no significant difference in autonomy scores.
  • Factor analysis identified distinct masculine and feminine factors in sex-role orientation.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest a definitional overlap between sociotropy, autonomy, and sex-role orientation.
  • These personality traits may be intertwined with gender role identification.
  • Potential implications for understanding depression vulnerability in relation to gender.