Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.

Bacterial Phylum Chlamydiae

Bacterial Phylum Chlamydiae

The phylum Chlamydiae or Chlamydiota is composed of a single order, Chlamydiales. This phylum consists entirely of obligate intracellular parasites that infect eukaryotic hosts. While human pathogens within this group have been studied extensively, the phylum encompasses many species capable of interacting with various eukaryotic organisms. Members of Chlamydiae are typically small cocci, approximately 0.5 μm in diameter, and exhibit a distinctive developmental cycle. As is characteristic of...

Diversity of Protists I

Diversity of Protists I

Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...

Bacterial Phylum Planctomycetes

Bacterial Phylum Planctomycetes

Planctomycetes are a group of morphologically distinct bacteria predominantly classified into two orders: Planctomycetales and Brocadiales. These gram-negative bacteria exhibit unique features, including division by budding and the presence of stalks or appendages. Their cells are often found in rosette arrangements, and they are notable for possessing an S-layer in their cell envelope, which is relatively uncommon among bacteria. Additionally, Planctomycetes frequently exhibit intracellular...

Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes

Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes

The phylum Tenericutes, which includes the single class Mollicutes, comprises bacteria that lack cell walls. The term "Mollicutes" derives from the Latin word mollis, meaning "soft." These organisms are among the smallest known and are commonly referred to as mycoplasmas due to the prominence of the genus Mycoplasma, which includes well-known human pathogens. Despite their inability to stain gram-positively (a result of their lack of cell walls), mycoplasmas are phylogenetically related to the...

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

International Union of Angiology (IUA) Consensus Document on Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) in Vascular Surgery.

International angiology : a journal of the International Union of Angiology·2026

Same author

The cytoskeleton of pathogenic protists.

Bioscience reports·2026

Same author

Risk Stratification in Patients with TASC II D Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease Undergoing Revascularization: Validation of the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VA Score for Long-Term Outcomes.

Annals of vascular surgery·2026

Same author

Metal-metronidazole derivatives as potential antitrichomonal agents on Trichomonas vaginalis.

Experimental parasitology·2026

Same author

Breaking the ice - simplified freeze-fracture of parasitic protists: a cost-effective approach without highly specialised equipment.

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz·2025

Same author

Looking Back to Move Forward: Tannic Acid in TEM of Parasitic Protozoa.

The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Deciphering and Imaging Pathogenesis and Cording of Mycobacterium abscessus in Zebrafish Embryos

Deciphering and Imaging Pathogenesis and Cording of Mycobacterium abscessus in Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: September 9, 2015

Tritrichomonas foetus: budding from multinucleated pseudocysts.

Antonio Pereira-Neves¹, Marlene Benchimol

¹Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular, Universidade Santa Ursula, Rua Jornalista Orlando Dantas 59, Botafogo, CEP 22231-010, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

|July 21, 2009

Summary

Tritrichomonas foetus, a cattle parasite, forms multinucleated cells under stress. These cells then bud off new flagellated parasites when conditions improve, revealing a unique reproductive strategy.

More Related Videos

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice

Published on: October 10, 2025

Modeling Persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Wounded Zebrafish Larvae

Modeling Persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Wounded Zebrafish Larvae

Published on: June 13, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Deciphering and Imaging Pathogenesis and Cording of Mycobacterium abscessus in Zebrafish Embryos

Deciphering and Imaging Pathogenesis and Cording of Mycobacterium abscessus in Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: September 9, 2015

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice

Published on: October 10, 2025

Modeling Persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Wounded Zebrafish Larvae

Modeling Persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Wounded Zebrafish Larvae

Published on: June 13, 2025

Area of Science:

Veterinary Parasitology
Cell Biology
Protozoology

Background:

Tritrichomonas foetus causes trichomoniasis, a significant sexually transmitted disease in cattle.
The parasite typically exists as a flagellated trophozoite but can form pseudocysts under stress.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the unique pseudocyst mitosis in Tritrichomonas foetus.
To understand polymastigont formation and the budding process of new trophozoites from multinucleated cells.

Main Methods:

Video microscopy was employed to observe cellular processes.
Complementary techniques included immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy.

Main Results:

Under stress, T. foetus trophozoites form pseudocysts, leading to multinucleated cells (approx. 62%) with duplicated mastigont structures.
Nuclear division occurs without cytoplasmic division during pseudocyst mitosis.
Favorable conditions trigger the budding of new flagellated trophozoites from these multinucleated cells.

Conclusions:

The study elucidates the distinct cell division process and reproductive strategy of Tritrichomonas foetus under varying environmental conditions.
Understanding this mechanism is crucial for controlling trichomoniasis in cattle herds.