[Is hepatomegaly a prognosis factor of chronic myeloid leukaemia among African blacks?]

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Clinical Medicine

Background:

• Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm.
• Splenomegaly is common in CML, and hepatomegaly is observed in a subset of patients.
• The prognostic significance of hepatomegaly in CML requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of hepatomegaly on disease progression and survival in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).
• To determine the association between hepatomegaly and hematologic remission rates in CML patients.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 74 CML patients over a 5-year period.
• Clinical data collection from the hematology department at the University Hospital of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
• Statistical analysis to assess correlations between hepatomegaly, hyperleukocytosis, remission, and survival.

Main Results:

• Hepatomegaly was present in 20.27% of CML patients and associated with splenomegaly.
• Hyperleukocytosis (>300,000 WBC/mm³) correlated with hepatomegaly (p=0.0005), indicating a risk of portal hypertension.
• Patients with hepatomegaly had significantly lower complete hematologic remission rates (20% vs. 80% without hepatomegaly, P=0.002).
• Hepatomegaly was linked to a higher mortality rate (73.33% vs. 15.25%, P=0.0001).
• Median survival was shorter in patients with hepatomegaly (17 months vs. 20 months 28 days, P=0.0001).

Conclusions:

• Hepatomegaly is a critical pejorative factor in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).
• The presence of hepatomegaly adversely affects hematologic remission and overall survival in CML patients.
• Early identification and management of hepatomegaly may be crucial for improving outcomes in CML.