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Hormonal effects on the development or cerebral lateralization.

M C Diamond1

  • 1Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720.

Psychoneuroendocrinology
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Male rats exhibit thicker right cerebral cortices, while females show thicker left cortices, with sex hormones influencing these brain laterality patterns. These patterns exhibit plasticity and can change with age or stress.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Comparative Anatomy
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Cerebral cortical laterality patterns exhibit sexual dimorphism.
  • Previous research suggests sex steroid hormones influence brain development and morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex differences in cerebral cortical thickness laterality in Long-Evans rats.
  • To explore the role of sex steroid hormones and other factors in determining these laterality patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of cerebral cortical thickness between male and female Long-Evans rats across different ages.
  • Examination of neuronal and glial cell counts in area 39.
  • Investigation of the effects of gonadectomy at birth on laterality patterns.
  • Analysis of estrogen receptor distribution in the neonatal cerebral cortex.

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Main Results:

  • Male rats generally display greater right cortical thickness, while females show greater left cortical thickness, with significant differences in males.
  • These patterns are largely stable throughout life but can reverse in old age.
  • Gonadectomy alters typical laterality patterns, indicating a role for sex steroids.
  • Estrogen receptor concentrations differ between sexes and hemispheres in neonates.

Conclusions:

  • Sex differences in cerebral cortical laterality are evident in Long-Evans rats, influenced by sex steroid hormones.
  • Cortical laterality exhibits plasticity, affected by factors including hormones, age, and potentially stress.
  • Understanding these patterns is crucial for comprehending brain morphology and behavior.