[Iatrogenic hydrothorax after catheterization of the left internal jugular vein]

We report a case of hydrothorax after cannulation of left internal jugular vein that was not detected early. This complication could be due to various factors: first, venous approach from the left side, given its special anatomic arrangement; second, cardiorespiratory dynamics, and head and neck motion on postural changes during the intervention, and third, incorrect fixation of the catheter to the skin. We discuss preventive measures to avoid such complication. Finally, we advise right approach wherever possible as well as routine control of correct placement of the catheter tip by radiographic film with contrast medium.