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Long-term Potentiation

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when presynaptic neurons...

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

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Related Experiment Video

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Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players

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Postactivation potentiation in distance runners after two different field running protocols.

Daniel A Boullosa¹, José L Tuimil

¹Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

|July 22, 2009

Summary

Jumping capacity improved after both the Université de Montréal Track Test (UMTT) and time limit (Tlim) tests in runners. However, enhanced jumping performance persisted longer after the UMTT, suggesting a protocol-dependent postactivation potentiation effect.

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Area of Science:

Exercise Physiology
Sports Science
Biomechanics

Background:

Postactivation potentiation (PAP) enhances muscle force production following preceding contractile activity.
Understanding PAP's influence on jumping performance in endurance runners is crucial for training periodization.
The effects of different running protocols on subsequent explosive power remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the effects of the Université de Montréal Track Test (UMTT) and the time limit (Tlim) at maximal aerobic speed on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance.
To investigate the time course of postactivation potentiation following two distinct fatiguing running protocols in well-trained male endurance runners.

Main Methods:

Twelve well-trained male endurance runners participated in the study.
Participants completed the UMTT and Tlim tests on separate days, with 48 hours to 7 days between tests.
Countermovement jump (CMJ) performance was measured pre-test and at 2 and 7 minutes post-test for each protocol.

Main Results:

Countermovement jump (CMJ) performance was significantly enhanced at 2 minutes post-UMTT (p = 0.000) and post-Tlim (p = 0.015).
This enhancement in CMJ persisted at 7 minutes only after the UMTT protocol (p = 0.000).
No significant correlations were observed between jumping performance and endurance field running performance.

Conclusions:

The postactivation potentiation profile following fatiguing running exercises in distance runners is dependent on the specific exercise protocol.
The underlying mechanisms responsible for the differential PAP effects between the UMTT and Tlim require further investigation.
These findings have implications for designing training and recovery strategies in endurance athletes.