Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Method to Obtain Pattern of Breathing in Senescent Mice through Unrestrained Barometric Plethysmography
09:13

Method to Obtain Pattern of Breathing in Senescent Mice through Unrestrained Barometric Plethysmography

Published on: April 28, 2020

[Analysis of respiration events of sleep disordered breathing in children]

Fan Lou1, Jianyun Lin, Ruiqing Liu

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Children's Hospital, Kunming, 650000, China. abuilding79@yahoo.cn

Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi = Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
|July 23, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric sleep disordered breathing events predominantly occur during REM sleep, with hypopnea events being more frequent than apnea events. Further research is needed for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology

Context:

  • Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is prevalent in children.
  • Snoring is a common symptom requiring investigation.
  • Polysomnography is the gold standard for diagnosing SDB.

Purpose:

  • To characterize respiration events in pediatric sleep disordered breathing.
  • To compare event characteristics between REM and NREM sleep.
  • To evaluate differences between apnea and hypopnea events.

Summary:

  • A study of 203 snoring children using polysomnography revealed distinct patterns in SDB events.
  • Respiration events were significantly more frequent during REM sleep compared to NREM sleep.
  • A significant difference was observed in the mean values between apnea and hypopnea events (P<0.01), with hypopnea being more prevalent.

Impact:

  • Findings highlight the importance of REM sleep in pediatric SDB.
  • The study suggests hypopnea is a more common event than apnea in this population.
  • Results indicate a need for further research into diagnostic criteria for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome in children, specifically regarding the apnea index (AI).
Abstract

More Related Videos

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm01:29

Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm

Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation01:19

Special considerations while measuring oxygen saturation

Assessing respiratory rate concurrently with pulse measurement is fundamental to patient care, providing valuable insights into the patient's respiratory function. The normal breathing rate for an adult usually falls within a normal range of 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Abnormal respiratory rates can signal underlying health conditions or the need for immediate intervention.
Ensuring accuracy in vital sign recordings while prioritizing patient comfort and minimizing anxiety is important. 
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation: