Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia

Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Exploring the Impact of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor D in Pulmonary Hypertension Development.

Pulmonary circulation·2025
Same author

The use of Tranexamic Acid in Case of Patient with Intracerebral Hemorrhage After a Coronary Procedure-Case Report.

Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)·2025
Same author

Correlation Between Carotid Stenosis and Pulsatile Index Measured by Transcranial Doppler.

Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH·2024
Same author

Operation of Medical Journal Citation Databases Without Control. Dilemma: Are They What They Want to Be in the Eyes of Scientific Community.

Materia socio-medica·2023
Same author

Transcription factor GATA6 promotes migration of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells <i>in vitro</i>.

Frontiers in physiology·2022
Same author

On the Occasion of 70th Anniversary of Life and 45 Years of Academic Work of Academician Izet Masic.

Acta informatica medica : AIM : journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : casopis Drustva za medicinsku informatiku BiH·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

Cognitive and depressive disorders in multiple sclerosis.

Azra Alajbegović1, Natasa Loga, Naida Tiro

  • 1University Department of Neurology, Sarajevo University Clinical Center, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. azra_alajbegovic@hotmail.com

Acta Clinica Croatica
|July 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients experience cognitive issues, with older individuals showing greater disability and cognitive decline. This study found a link between age, MS disability, and cognitive function, but not depression.

More Related Videos

Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
09:46

Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines

Published on: September 21, 2021

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
04:33

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: April 26, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
09:46

Rat Model of Widespread Cerebral Cortical Demyelination Induced by an Intracerebral Injection of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines

Published on: September 21, 2021

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
04:33

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: April 26, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is frequently associated with cognitive and affective disorders.
  • Cognitive dysfunctions are common in MS patients.
  • Reactive depression is the most prevalent affective disorder in MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Scale - MMS), depression (Beck Depression Inventory - BDI), and disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale - EDSS) in MS patients.
  • To analyze these correlations in patients treated at the University Department of Neurology, Sarajevo University Clinical Center.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 50 randomly selected MS patients (33 women, 17 men) were evaluated.
  • Data collection involved the Mini-Mental State (MMS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) instruments.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to determine correlations between age, EDSS, MMS, and BDI scores.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between patient age and EDSS scores.
  • Significant negative correlations were found between EDSS and MMS scores, and between BDI and MMS scores.
  • Older MS patients exhibited higher EDSS scores and more pronounced cognitive disturbances.

Conclusions:

  • Age is a significant factor associated with increased disability and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis.
  • Cognitive function (MMS) is negatively correlated with both disability (EDSS) and depressive symptoms (BDI) in MS patients.
  • No statistically significant correlation was found between the level of disability (EDSS) and depression (BDI) in this cohort.