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Multiple origins of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia 1 outbreaks, 2003-2007

Jean Francois Valarcher1, Nick J Knowles, Valery Zakharov

  • 1Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, UK.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|July 24, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype Asia 1 spread across Asia from 2003-2007. Molecular analysis revealed distinct viral groups and rapid long-distance transmission, with some strains linked to historical isolates.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Disease Ecology

Background:

  • Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype Asia 1 caused significant outbreaks in Asia between 2003 and 2007.
  • The geographical range of FMDV Asia 1 expanded considerably from 2004 onwards, affecting numerous countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular epidemiology of FMDV serotype Asia 1 outbreaks in Asia.
  • To understand the genetic diversity and transmission patterns of FMDV Asia 1 during the specified period.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis of complete virus capsid protein 1 (VP1) gene sequences from FMDV isolates.
  • Tracking the geographical spread of FMDV Asia 1 outbreaks across Asian countries.

Main Results:

  • FMDV Asia 1 isolates from the 2003-2007 outbreaks clustered into 6 distinct genetic groups.
  • Evidence of rapid, long-distance dissemination of FMDV Asia 1 between countries was observed.
  • Some contemporary FMDV strains showed close genetic relationships to historical isolates dating back 25 years.

Conclusions:

  • The molecular epidemiology of FMDV Asia 1 in Asia is characterized by genetic diversity and efficient long-range spread.
  • Understanding these patterns is crucial for effective FMDV control and prevention strategies in the region.

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