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Related Concept Videos

Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
03:57

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Published on: July 14, 2023

Alendronate therapy in men with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Aliya A Khan1, John P Bilezikian, Annie Kung

  • 1Department of Medicine, Divisions of Endocrinology and Geriatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. draliyakhan@gmail.com

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|July 24, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Alendronate therapy improved bone mineral density and reduced bone turnover in men with primary hyperparathyroidism. These findings suggest aminobisphosphonates may offer skeletal protection for this patient group.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
03:57

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Published on: July 14, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Limited data exist on bisphosphonate therapy effects in men with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).
  • Previous studies showed alendronate increases bone mineral density (BMD) in PHPT patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the skeletal effects of alendronate in men with PHPT.
  • To compare these effects with those observed in postmenopausal women.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, crossover trial involving 9 men with PHPT receiving alendronate or placebo for one year.
  • BMD measurements at the lumbar spine and total hip were compared to baseline.
  • Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase was measured.

Main Results:

  • Alendronate increased lumbar spine BMD by 4.4% (P=.009) and total hip BMD by 2.95% (P=.027) in men.
  • A 47% reduction in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase was observed (P=.003).
  • Changes in male patients mirrored effects seen in postmenopausal women.

Conclusions:

  • Alendronate therapy improves BMD and reduces bone turnover in men with PHPT.
  • Aminobisphosphonates may provide skeletal protection for men with PHPT.
  • Further research is needed to confirm fracture efficacy.