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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Detection and Quantitation of Label-Retaining Cells in Mouse Incisors using a 3D Reconstruction Approach after Tissue Clearing
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Detection of root resorption using dentin and bone markers.

A George1, C A Evans

  • 1Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612-7211, USA. anneg@uic.edu

Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research
|July 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Organic matrix proteins and cytokines are released into the gingival crevice during root resorption. An increased receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) to osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio correlates with bone resorption activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oral Biology
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Root resorption is a complex process involving the breakdown of tooth structure.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of root resorption is crucial for managing orthodontic tooth movement and other dental conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of organic matrix proteins and cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during root resorption.
  • To determine if these molecules are released from surrounding bone and dentin into the gingival crevice.

Main Methods:

  • Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from subjects with varying degrees of root resorption and controls.
  • Proteins including osteopontin (OPN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) were analyzed using Western blot and ELISA.
  • Antibodies specific to OPN, OPG, and RANKL were employed for detection and quantification.

Main Results:

  • Differential expression of OPN, OPG, and RANKL was observed between control and root resorbed subjects.
  • Processed forms of these proteins were detected exclusively in subjects with root resorption.
  • A statistically significant increase in the RANKL/OPG ratio was found in subjects with severe root resorption compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Preliminary findings confirm the presence of matrix proteins and cytokines in GCF during root resorption.
  • Elevated RANKL/OPG ratios in GCF may indicate increased bone resorption activity associated with orthodontic tooth movement.