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Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds with Gradations in Fiber Organization

Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds with Gradations in Fiber Organization

Published on: April 19, 2015

Processing nanoengineered scaffolds through electrospinning and mineralization suitable for biomimetic bone tissue

Susan Liao¹, Ramalingam Murugan, Casey K Chan

¹NUS Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, Division of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

|July 25, 2009

Summary

This study developed novel nano-fibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering by combining electrospinning and mineralization. Collagen scaffolds showed more uniform apatite formation, crucial for biomimetic bone regeneration.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Tissue Engineering
Nanotechnology

Background:

Developing physiologically functional bone tissue requires scaffolds mimicking the natural bone extracellular matrix (ECM).
Electrospinning and mineralization offer a promising approach for creating biomimetic bone scaffolds.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize nano-fibrous scaffolds using collagen and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) for bone tissue engineering.
To investigate the mineralization process and apatite formation on these scaffolds to mimic native bone ECM.

Main Methods:

Electrospinning of collagen and PLGA to create nano-fibrous scaffolds.
Mineralization of scaffolds under optimal conditions to induce bone-like apatite formation.
Characterization of scaffold properties, including porosity, surface area, and apatite composition.

Main Results:

Electrospun scaffolds exhibited high surface area, porosity, and interconnected pores.
Collagen scaffolds demonstrated more abundant and uniform bone-like apatite formation compared to PLGA scaffolds.
Mineralization induced nanosize carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) on collagen and nanosize hydroxyapatite (HA) on PLGA.

Conclusions:

Surface functional groups on scaffolding materials significantly influence in vitro mineralization.
Collagen's functional groups promote superior apatite formation, making it a preferred material for biomimetic bone scaffolding.
These findings are critical for selecting appropriate materials in bone scaffolding system development.