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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Epithelial Cell Infection Analyses with Shigella
04:56

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Published on: February 9, 2024

Optimized protocol for diagnosis of acute ileitis.

Elena Garrido1, Antonio L Sanromán, Miguel A Rodríguez-Gandía

  • 1IBD Clinic, Gastroenterology Department, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain. elenagarridogomez@hotmail.com

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
|July 28, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study standardized diagnosis for suspected acute ileitis (AI). Infectious causes were most common, but gynecologic conditions and Crohn's disease were also significant findings in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Abdominal Imaging

Background:

  • Acute ileitis (AI) lacks a standardized diagnostic protocol.
  • Multiple underlying causes contribute to suspected AI.
  • A prospective evaluation was conducted to address these issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence and causes of suspected acute ileitis (AI).
  • To develop and implement a standardized diagnostic protocol for AI.
  • To improve diagnostic accuracy for AI.

Main Methods:

  • Defined AI by symptoms (pain, diarrhea, fever) and imaging (CT/ultrasound) showing terminal ileum inflammation.
  • Prospective study of 66 patients with presumptive AI from March 2005 to May 2007.
  • Follow-up of patients for at least 6 months.

Main Results:

  • Infectious causes identified in 33.3% of cases (Yersinia spp. most common).
  • Gynecologic conditions found in 9.1% of AI cases (13.95% in females).
  • Crohn's disease identified in 12.1% of patients; 33.4% had negative diagnostic results.

Conclusions:

  • The developed protocol achieved a definitive AI diagnosis in over 60% of cases.
  • Acute infection is the most frequent cause of AI.
  • Gynecologic conditions and Crohn's disease represent significant differential diagnoses for AI.