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A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

Published on: November 4, 2015

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

William R Auger¹, Peter F Fedullo

¹Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Diego, LaJolla, California 92037, USA. bauger@UCSD.edu

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

|July 28, 2009

Summary

Pulmonary hypertension treatment has advanced significantly. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy surgery offers an effective remedy for selected chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients, improving right heart function.

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Induction and Phenotyping of Acute Right Heart Failure in a Large Animal Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Induction and Phenotyping of Acute Right Heart Failure in a Large Animal Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Published on: March 17, 2022

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

Published on: November 4, 2015

Induction and Phenotyping of Acute Right Heart Failure in a Large Animal Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Induction and Phenotyping of Acute Right Heart Failure in a Large Animal Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Published on: March 17, 2022

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Thoracic Surgery
Pulmonology

Background:

Pulmonary hypertension treatment has evolved over 4 decades.
Advances in cardiothoracic surgery enable surgical options for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

Purpose of the Study:

To review the natural history of chronic thromboembolic disease.
To outline diagnostic approaches for identifying surgical candidates with CTEPH.
To review pulmonary thromboendarterectomy and pharmacotherapy for inoperable CTEPH.

Main Methods:

Review of the natural history of chronic thromboembolic disease.
Discussion of diagnostic criteria for surgical candidacy.
Overview of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy surgical techniques.
Summary of pharmacotherapy in inoperable CTEPH.

Main Results:

Surgical endarterectomy effectively treats severe pulmonary hypertension and right heart dysfunction in most CTEPH patients.
Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy is a viable surgical option for selected CTEPH patients.
Pharmacotherapy is an emerging option for inoperable CTEPH.

Conclusions:

Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy is a highly effective treatment for CTEPH.
A structured diagnostic approach is crucial for identifying appropriate surgical candidates.
Pharmacological treatments are expanding for patients unsuitable for surgery.