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Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Continuous phase-modulated halftones.

Basak Oztan¹, Gaurav Sharma

¹Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627-0126, USA. basak.oztan@rochester.edu

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing : a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society

|July 29, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new halftone method modulating spot phase for enhanced image quality. Applications include secure watermarking and improved rendering by controlling halftone patterns.

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Area of Science:

Digital Halftoning
Image Processing
Information Hiding

Background:

Traditional clustered-dot halftones have limitations in controlling image properties.
Phase modulation offers a novel approach to enhance halftone capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a generalized halftone method using phase modulation.
To explore applications in watermarking and improved image rendering.

Main Methods:

Utilizing an analytic halftone threshold function for controlled phase variation.
Modulating halftone spot phase and screen frequency.
Analyzing limitations and capabilities with a quantitative model.

Main Results:

Demonstrated minimization/elimination of visible artifacts through continuous phase modulation.
Successfully applied the technique for embedding watermarks.
Showcased improved spatial and tonal rendering by modulating screen frequency.

Conclusions:

The proposed phase modulation technique offers a flexible generalization of clustered-dot halftones.
This method enables novel applications in digital watermarking and advanced image reproduction.
Quantitative analysis confirms the method's capabilities and limitations.