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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
10:52

Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

Published on: February 4, 2017

Progress in circular dichroism laser mass spectrometry.

Christoph Logé1, Alexander Bornschlegl, Ulrich Boesl

  • 1Chemie Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
|July 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Circular dichroism in ion yield offers new chiral analysis potential. This method uses resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization, improving accuracy with reference substances and high laser repetition rates.

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Characterization of Synthetic Polymers via Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) Mass Spectrometry
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for analyzing molecular chirality.
  • Traditional CD methods can be limited by sensitivity and sample requirements.
  • Ion yield detection offers a novel approach to CD measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of circular dichroism in ion yield (CDIY) for chiral analysis.
  • To showcase quantitative determination of circular dichroism using this technique.
  • To present advancements in improving the sensitivity and accuracy of CDIY.

Main Methods:

  • Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) is employed to generate ions.
  • Various laser excitation schemes with different wavelengths and repetition rates were tested.
  • Achiral compounds or racemic mixtures were used as reference substances for improved statistical error reduction.
  • High laser repetition rates (e.g., 200 Hz) were utilized for signal averaging.

Main Results:

  • The feasibility of CDIY spectroscopy and quantitative analysis was successfully demonstrated.
  • Methods for improving statistical error, such as using reference substances and signal averaging, were implemented.
  • The lower limit of measurable circular dichroism was significantly improved.
  • The technique proved effective across different laser parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Circular dichroism in ion yield is a promising technique for sensitive and quantitative chiral analysis.
  • The developed methods enhance accuracy by mitigating instrumental fluctuations.
  • CDIY spectroscopy opens new avenues for molecular chirality investigations.