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Schemas

Schemas

A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants

A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants

Published on: August 26, 2018

Navigation in smart environments using mediated reality tools.

Jorge Torres-Solis¹, Mei Guan, Elaine Biddiss

¹Bloorview Research Institute, Bloorview Kids Rehab, Toronto, Canada.

Technology and Health Care : Official Journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine

|July 31, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Topographical Disorientation (TD) affects navigation. A novel mediated reality system tested assistive tools, finding minimaps and locators most effective for indoor wayfinding and minimizing user energy expenditure.

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Area of Science:

Human-Computer Interaction
Cognitive Science
Assistive Technology

Background:

Topographical Disorientation (TD) impairs navigation and orientation abilities, creating daily functional challenges.
Smart mediated reality environments offer promising solutions for cognitive conditions like TD.
Existing assistive tools for navigation lack integration within mediated reality systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate preferred assistive tools for indoor navigation within a novel mediated reality wayfinding system.
To evaluate the impact of different positional information tools on user navigation performance.
To develop a new wayfinding metric for assessing navigation task efficiency.

Main Methods:

Designed and evaluated four types of assistive tools (minimap, locator, coordinate display, routing compass) in a mediated reality environment.
Investigated tools based on spatial knowledge, graphical presentation, and reference frames.
Developed a novel wayfinding metric based on relative energy expenditure, independent of route complexity.

Main Results:

The locator and minimap tools were identified as preferred interfaces for indoor navigation.
These preferred tools provided the most relevant wayfinding information.
The locator and minimap tools also minimized energy expenditure during navigation tasks.

Conclusions:

Minimaps and locators are effective assistive tools for mediated reality wayfinding systems.
These tools can significantly improve navigation performance for individuals with TD.
The novel wayfinding metric provides a robust method for evaluating navigation efficiency.