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Related Concept Videos

Contaminants and Errors01:16

Contaminants and Errors

Effective sample preparation is crucial for accurate and reliable laboratory analysis. During this process, two significant sources of error can arise: concentration bias from improper sample splitting and contamination caused by methods used to reduce particle size, such as grinding or homogenization. Identifying and minimizing these potential errors is crucial to ensuring the validity of the analysis.
Another key consideration is determining the appropriate number of samples required to...
Microbial Bioremediation of Uranium01:25

Microbial Bioremediation of Uranium

Microorganisms play a critical role in the transformation and immobilization of uranium in contaminated environments through four main pathways: bioreduction, biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biomineralization. These mechanisms reduce uranium’s toxicity and prevent its migration through groundwater systems, offering sustainable approaches for in situ bioremediation.Bioreduction of UraniumBioreduction is driven by anaerobic bacteria such as certain strains of Geobacter and Shewanella, which use...
Bioremediation00:46

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
Sources of Food Contamination01:29

Sources of Food Contamination

Contamination of food by microbial agents and natural toxins poses significant risks to public health. These hazards can be introduced at various points across the food supply chain, ranging from environmental sources to processing and storage stages. Understanding these contamination pathways is critical for developing strategies to ensure food safety.Seafood is particularly vulnerable to contamination through both environmental exposure and microbial colonization. Toxins from harmful algal...
Gravimetry: Inorganic And Organic Precipitating Agents00:49

Gravimetry: Inorganic And Organic Precipitating Agents

In gravimetry, the precipitant is chosen carefully to obtain a pure solid that can be easily filtered. Common inorganic precipitants can be used to determine several cations and anions. In some cases, the formation of the same precipitate can be used to determine the cation and the anion. For example, the reaction of barium and chromate ions to give barium chromate is used to determine both barium and chromate. However, precipitates such as hydroxides, oxalates, and metal ammonium phosphates...
Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles01:24

Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles

Microbial activity plays a pivotal role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron and manganese, especially at the redox gradients characteristic of stratified aquatic environments. These cycles are driven by microbial transformations between oxidized and reduced forms of the metals, allowing organisms to exploit them for metabolic energy and structural purposes.Iron Cycling Across Redox GradientsIn neutral, oxygen-rich surface waters, iron is predominantly found in its oxidized, insoluble ferric...

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Measuring Carbon-based Contaminant Mineralization Using Combined CO2 Flux and Radiocarbon Analyses
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Published on: October 21, 2016

Contaminant geochemistry--a new perspective.

Bruno Yaron1, Ishai Dror, Brian Berkowitz

  • 1Department of Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Die Naturwissenschaften
|July 31, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Anthropogenic chemicals can cause irreversible changes to soil and aquifer properties on human timescales, a critical aspect of contaminant geochemistry previously overlooked. This research highlights the lasting impact of pollution on subsurface environments.

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Published on: September 1, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Geochemistry
  • Subsurface Hydrology
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Contaminant geochemistry traditionally focuses on pollutant toxicity, transport, and remediation.
  • The alteration of subsurface physicochemical properties by anthropogenic chemicals has been largely neglected.
  • Contaminant-induced changes are often viewed as temporary deviations from natural conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of irreversible changes in subsurface properties due to chemical pollution.
  • To draw attention to a new perspective in contaminant geochemistry.
  • To emphasize the impact of human activities on global environmental changes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of processes governing contaminant-subsurface interactions.
  • Survey of how chemical contamination induces irreversible changes in subsurface structure and properties.
  • Analysis of the link between contaminant amounts and anthropogenic impact magnitude.

Main Results:

  • Anthropogenic chemicals can cause irreversible structural and property changes in the soil-subsurface geosystem.
  • These changes occur on human timescales, significantly shorter than geological timescales.
  • The extent of subsurface alteration is directly proportional to the quantity of chemical contaminants introduced.

Conclusions:

  • Contaminant geochemistry must consider irreversible subsurface alterations.
  • Human impact on soil and subsurface regimes is substantial and potentially permanent.
  • This perspective is crucial for understanding global environmental changes and informing remediation strategies.