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[Wilms' tumor or nephroblastoma]
C Boglino1, G Ciprandi, A Silvano
1Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Istituto di Ricerca Scientifica, Roma.
Insights
Wilms
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Oncology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Wilms' tumor is a common childhood kidney cancer, affecting 5-8 per million children.
- Historically, survival rates were low, around 15% in 1942.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the nosographic, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of Wilms' tumor.
- To illustrate these aspects using diagnostic imaging and anatomical features from treated cases.
Main Methods:
- Review of nosographic, diagnostic, and therapeutic data for Wilms' tumor.
- Analysis of diagnostic imaging and anatomical features from patient cases.
Main Results:
- Modern treatment combining surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy significantly improves survival.
- Survival rates have increased to 80-95% in cooperative studies.
Conclusions:
- Multimodal treatment has dramatically improved outcomes for Wilms' tumor.
- Diagnostic imaging and understanding anatomical features are crucial for effective management.
Abstract:
Wilms' tumor represents one of the most frequent neoplastic disease of childhood: its prevalence is about 5-8 cases per million children aged less than 15 years, and its frequency ranks fourth among childhood solid tumors. Very marked improvement in the treatment of this lesion has occurred since 1942 with a 15% survival rate was reported. The modern approach to Wilms' tumor and its treatment based on the combination of surgery with chemo- and radiotherapy raised the survival rate to 80-95%, as shown by several cooperative studies performed in the United States and Europe. The nosographic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of the disease are reviewed and illustrated on the basis of the diagnostic imaging and anatomical features of cases treated by the authors.