Optic neuropathies: therapeutic approach

The review deals with therapeutic aspects of optic nerve diseases. Attention is given to the lack of established guidelines for treatment of different optic neuropathies. In fact, there are no sure protocols in the literature for infective, inflammatory and vascular disorders. The authors present some new drugs and discuss the efficacy of related therapy, in particular for vascular disorders. The differentiated therapy for arteritic and non-arteritic AION is discussed. Treatment of vascular occlusion in the acute phase, in the post-occlusive state and prophylaxis is reported. The usefulness of anticoagulants is examined. In the conclusion, the authors stress the necessity to carry out properly controlled multicenter trials to obtain valid knowledge that allows rational and effective therapy protocols.