Frozen section and the surgical pathologist: a point of view

Frozen section is a prominent point of intersection between surgeons and pathologists. It is regarded as the most definitive--but not the sole--form of intraoperative consultation. Its role in tissue triage, diagnosis, and intraoperative management should not be misconstrued as a shortcut to a definitive diagnosis. Although the pathologist remains in control of the tissue disposition, frozen sections are ideally requested and executed as a collaborative effort. Frivolous requests with no direct consequences for the conduct of a given procedure should not be honored. Frozen section plays a material role in resident education and may be the last vestige of general surgical pathology in an era of organ system specialization. Frozen section will retain its relevance only in the context of broad clinical knowledge by the pathologist and judicious utilization by the surgeon, both in the ultimate service of the patient.