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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...

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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Battery of Motor Tests in a Neonatal Mouse Model of Cerebral Palsy
10:02

A Battery of Motor Tests in a Neonatal Mouse Model of Cerebral Palsy

Published on: November 3, 2016

Bone density in cerebral palsy.

Christine Murray Houlihan1, Richard D Stevenson

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, 2270 Ivy Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA. ch9g@virginia.edu

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America
|August 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteoporosis significantly impacts children with cerebral palsy, leading to decreased bone density and fractures. Early evaluation and treatment are crucial for improving function and quality of life.

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Battery of Motor Tests in a Neonatal Mouse Model of Cerebral Palsy
10:02

A Battery of Motor Tests in a Neonatal Mouse Model of Cerebral Palsy

Published on: November 3, 2016

Enhancing the Development and Growth of Infant Cerebral Palsy Rats Using Selective Spinal Manipulations
05:04

Enhancing the Development and Growth of Infant Cerebral Palsy Rats Using Selective Spinal Manipulations

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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pediatrics
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a significant global health issue.
  • Cerebral palsy is the leading childhood condition linked to osteoporosis.
  • Reduced bone density in children with cerebral palsy causes fractures, impairing function and quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss osteoporosis in children with cerebral palsy.
  • To review bone anatomy, metabolism, and mass assessment.
  • To cover causes, evaluation, and treatment of osteoporosis in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on bone health in cerebral palsy.
  • Discussion of bone physiology and metabolism.
  • Outline of clinical assessment techniques for bone mass.

Main Results:

  • Children with cerebral palsy exhibit significantly decreased bone density.
  • Minimal trauma can lead to painful fractures in affected children.
  • Osteoporosis negatively impacts mobility and daily living.

Conclusions:

  • Osteoporosis is a critical concern in pediatric cerebral palsy.
  • Comprehensive understanding of bone health is vital.
  • Effective management strategies are needed to mitigate fracture risk and improve patient outcomes.