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[Disorders due to iodine deficiency].

F Delange1

  • 1Université Libre de Bruxelles, Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Saint-Pierre.

Acta Clinica Belgica
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) impact thyroid function and neurodevelopment, especially in fetuses and infants. Addressing IDD globally, including in Europe, is crucial for public health and offers protection against nuclear fallout.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Nutritional Science

Context:

  • Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) encompass a range of thyroid-related issues affecting fetal and infant development.
  • Endemic goiter and impaired neuro-intellectual development, including mental retardation and cretinism, are significant consequences.
  • Vulnerable populations include fetuses, newborns, pregnant women, children, and adults, with newborns being most susceptible.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the global prevalence and severe consequences of iodine deficiency.
  • To emphasize the critical need for iodine prophylaxis, particularly for maternal and child health.
  • To underscore the role of iodine sufficiency in preventing neurodevelopmental deficits and mitigating risks associated with nuclear events.

Summary:

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  • Insufficient dietary iodine leads to Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD), impacting thyroid function and neurodevelopment, particularly in vulnerable groups like fetuses and infants.
  • While prevalent in developing nations, IDD also affects regions in Europe, necessitating global and regional interventions.
  • Systematic screening for congenital hypothyroidism serves as a key indicator for monitoring IDD and the effectiveness of iodine supplementation programs.
  • Impact:

    • Correction of IDD is vital for preventing irreversible neuro-intellectual impairments at a population level.
    • Ensuring adequate iodine intake, including fortification of infant formula, is essential for protecting maternal and child health.
    • Addressing iodine deficiency can reduce thyroidal avidity for iodide, offering a critical preventive measure against radioactive iodine uptake during nuclear fallout.