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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

Gait deviations induced by visual motion stimulation in roll depend on head orientation.

Stanislavs Bardins¹, Erich Schneider

¹Chair for Clinical Neurosciences, University of Munich Hospital, Munich, Germany. sbardins@nefo.med.uni-muenchen.de

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

|August 4, 2009

Summary

This study examined visual motion stimulation

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomechanics
Human Locomotion

Background:

Locomotion control integrates proprioceptive, visual, and vestibular sensory inputs.
Previous research explored visual contributions to locomotion using roll plane motion stimulation in an upright head position.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of visual motion stimulation in the roll plane under head-upright and nose-down conditions.
To compare the influence of visual stimuli with galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) effects on locomotion.

Main Methods:

Participants walked 6 meters while exposed to binocular visual motion stimulation (random dot patterns rotated in roll at +/-15 degrees/sec).
Visual stimulation was applied in both head-upright and nose-down orientations using a head-mounted display.

Main Results:

The impact of visual roll motion stimulation on locomotion was significantly greater in the nose-down condition compared to the head-upright condition.
The observed effects of visual stimulation align with findings from previous galvanic vestibular stimulation studies.

Conclusions:

Head orientation critically modulates the influence of visual motion cues on locomotion control.
Visual motion stimulation in the roll plane elicits responses similar in direction to galvanic vestibular stimulation, suggesting shared neural pathways or functional similarities in sensory integration for balance and gait.