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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
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Transmission Electron Microscopy01:15

Transmission Electron Microscopy

In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400 keV in...
Immunogold Electron Microscopy01:20

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Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
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Overview of Microscopy Techniques01:22

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The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...

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Enhanced imaging in low dose electron microscopy using electron counting.

G McMullan1, A T Clark, R Turchetta

  • 1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. gm2@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk

Ultramicroscopy
|August 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We compared two modes of direct electron imaging using monolithic active pixel sensors (MAPS). Single event counting mode significantly enhances image quality, boosting the Nyquist frequency modulation transfer function (MTF) and detective quantum efficiency (DQE).

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Area of Science:

  • Electron imaging
  • Sensor technology
  • Image processing

Background:

  • Monolithic active pixel sensors (MAPS) are used for direct electron imaging.
  • Conventional integrating mode performance can be limited.
  • Exploring alternative operational modes is crucial for improving imaging capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the direct electron imaging performance of MAPS in integrating mode versus single event counting mode.
  • To evaluate the impact of a novel heuristic processing approach on image quality metrics.

Main Methods:

  • Direct electron imaging experiments were conducted at 120keV using MAPS.
  • Performance was evaluated in both conventional integrating mode and single event counting mode.
  • A heuristic image processing approach was developed and applied to single event images, renormalizing each event to a unity weight.

Main Results:

  • Single event counting mode, with the proposed processing, demonstrated significant performance enhancements.
  • The Nyquist frequency modulation transfer function (MTF) showed an improvement by a factor of 8.
  • The detective quantum efficiency (DQE) improved by a factor of 3 compared to integrating mode.

Conclusions:

  • Single event counting mode offers superior direct electron imaging performance for MAPS at 120keV.
  • The developed heuristic processing method effectively improves image quality metrics.
  • This approach holds promise for advancing electron imaging applications requiring high resolution and efficiency.