Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Action Potential

Action Potential

Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...

Propagation of Action Potentials

Propagation of Action Potentials

The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The Walking Trail Making Test is more accurate than a Dual-Task Walking Test for screening the level of fall risk among community-dwelling older people.

PloS one·2026

Same author

The Role of the Posterior Paraventricular Nucleus of the Thalamus in Food Deprivation-Induced Heroin-Seeking Relapse, in Male and Female Rats.

Addiction biology·2026

Same author

Cerebellar Cortex 4-12 Hz Oscillations and Unit Phase Relation in the Awake Rat.

Frontiers in systems neuroscience·2020

Same author

State-Dependent Entrainment of Prefrontal Cortex Local Field Potential Activity Following Patterned Stimulation of the Cerebellar Vermis.

Frontiers in systems neuroscience·2019

Same author

Basal Ganglia: Striosomes and the Link between Motivation and Action.

Current biology : CB·2019

Same author

Gap Junction Modulation of Low-Frequency Oscillations in the Cerebellar Granule Cell Layer.

Cerebellum (London, England)·2017

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices

Published on: October 16, 2019

Synchronization in primate cerebellar granule cell layer local field potentials: basic anisotropy and dynamic changes

Richard Courtemanche¹, Pascal Chabaud, Yves Lamarre

¹FRSQ Groupe de Recherche en Neurobiologie Comportementale (CSBN), Concordia University Canada. rcourt@alcor.concordia.ca

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

|August 4, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebellar granule cell layer (GCL) synchronization shows directional bias at rest. This pattern dynamically adapts during active tasks, suggesting a flexible network organization for sensorimotor processing.

Keywords:

cerebellar cortex granule cell layer network activity oscillations sensorimotor synchronization

More Related Videos

Concurrent Recording of Co-localized Electroencephalography and Local Field Potential in Rodent

Concurrent Recording of Co-localized Electroencephalography and Local Field Potential in Rodent

Published on: November 30, 2017

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Published on: June 22, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices

Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices

Published on: October 16, 2019

Concurrent Recording of Co-localized Electroencephalography and Local Field Potential in Rodent

Concurrent Recording of Co-localized Electroencephalography and Local Field Potential in Rodent

Published on: November 30, 2017

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Published on: June 22, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cerebellar Physiology
Neural Network Dynamics

Background:

The cerebellar cortex exhibits remarkable organizational regularity, crucial for sensorimotor behavior.
While Purkinje cell activity is well-studied, task-related patterns in the granule cell layer (GCL) remain less understood.
Understanding GCL network dynamics is key to deciphering cerebellar function in motor control.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate task-related activity patterns in the cerebellar granule cell layer (GCL).
To examine the synchronization of local field potential (LFP) activity across GCL sites during different behavioral states.
To determine if GCL network organization exhibits anisotropy and how it adapts during sensorimotor tasks.

Main Methods:

Recorded local field potential (LFP) activity in pairs of GCL sites in monkeys during active expectancy (lever-press), passive expectancy, and rest.
Selected LFP sites exhibiting strong 10-25 Hz oscillations.
Analyzed synchronization (cross-correlation) across LFP pairs with varying orientations (sagittal, coronal, diagonal).

Main Results:

At rest, GCL LFP pairs showed a basic anisotropy in synchronization, with sagittal pairs exhibiting higher synchrony than coronal or diagonal pairs.
During an active expectancy task, LFP synchronization increased preceding movement, particularly for coronal pairs, indicating a dynamic modification of the resting anisotropy.
This enhanced synchronization was specific to active expectancy and not observed during passive expectancy, suggesting a task-dependent adaptation.

Conclusions:

The cerebellar granule cell layer (GCL) exhibits a resting anisotropic synchronization pattern that is dynamically modulated during sensorimotor tasks.
This adaptable synchronization, potentially extending laterally, may underlie the GCL network's organization and role in sensorimotor processing.
The findings highlight the dynamic nature of cerebellar GCL network organization in response to behavioral demands.