Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Region of Convergence

Region of Convergence

The z-transform is a powerful mathematical tool used in the analysis of discrete-time signals and systems. It is a crucial tool in the analysis of discrete-time systems, but its convergence is limited to specific values of the complex variable z. This range of values, known as the Region of Convergence (ROC), is fundamental in determining the behavior and stability of a system or signal. The ROC defines the region in the complex plane where the z-transform converges, which can take various...

Mesh Analysis

Mesh Analysis

Mesh analysis is a valuable method for simplifying circuit analysis using mesh currents as key circuit variables. Unlike nodal analysis, which focuses on determining unknown voltages, mesh analysis applies Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) to find unknown currents within a circuit. This method is particularly convenient in reducing the number of simultaneous equations that need to be solved.
A fundamental concept in mesh analysis is the definition of meshes and mesh currents. A mesh is a closed...

Plotting and Calibrating the Root Locus

Plotting and Calibrating the Root Locus

Root loci often diverge as system poles shift from the real axis to the complex plane. Key points in this transition are the breakaway and break-in points, indicating where the root locus leaves and reenters the real axis. The branches of the root locus form an angle of 180/n degrees with the real axis, where n is the number of branches at a breakaway or break-in point.
The maximum gain occurs at the breakaway points between open-loop poles on the real axis, while the minimum gain is observed...

Root-Locus Method

Root-Locus Method

A cruise control system in a car is designed to maintain a specified speed automatically by adjusting the gas pedal. The system continuously measures the vehicle's speed and makes fine adjustments to the pedal to achieve this goal. The root locus method is particularly useful for understanding how the cruise control system's behavior changes under varying conditions, such as when the car goes uphill, downhill, or faces strong wind resistance.
This system can be represented by a block diagram,...

Definition of z-Transform

Definition of z-Transform

The z-transform is a powerful mathematical tool used in the analysis of discrete-time signals and systems. It is an essential analytical tool, analogous to the Laplace transform used in continuous-time systems. It plays a crucial role in the analysis of signals and systems, complementing the discrete-time Fourier transform. Both the z-transform and the Laplace transform convert differential or difference equations into algebraic equations, simplifying the process of solving complex problems.

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

Three-dimensional strain analysis is crucial for understanding how materials deform under stress, particularly in elastic, homogeneous materials. This method employs principal stress axes to simplify complex stress states into more understandable forms. Subjected to stress, a small cubic element within a material either expands or contracts along these axes, transforming into a rectangular parallelepiped. This transformation effectively illustrates the material's deformation. The principal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Overexpressing NRT2.7 induces nitrate export from the vacuole and increases growth of Arabidopsis.

Journal of experimental botany·2025

Same author

Contrasting nutrient-disease relationships: Potassium gradients in barley leaves have opposite effects on two fungal pathogens with different sensitivities to jasmonic acid.

Plant, cell & environment·2018

Same author

Corrigendum to "Genetic variability of the phloem sap metabolite content of maize (Zea mays L.) during the kernel-filling period" [Plant Sci. 252 (2016) 347-357].

Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology·2018

Same author

Exploiting the Genetic Diversity of Maize Using a Combined Metabolomic, Enzyme Activity Profiling, and Metabolic Modeling Approach to Link Leaf Physiology to Kernel Yield.

The Plant cell·2017

Same author

Genetic variability of the phloem sap metabolite content of maize (Zea mays L.) during the kernel-filling period.

Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology·2016

Same author

Nitrogen-use efficiency in maize (Zea mays L.): from 'omics' studies to metabolic modelling.

Journal of experimental botany·2014

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Extracting Metrics for Three-dimensional Root Systems: Volume and Surface Analysis from In-soil X-ray Computed Tomography Data

Extracting Metrics for Three-dimensional Root Systems: Volume and Surface Analysis from In-soil X-ray Computed Tomography Data

Published on: April 26, 2016

EZ-Rhizo software: the gateway to root architecture analysis.

Patrick Armengaud¹

¹Plant Science Group, Faculty of Biomedical & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK. P.Armengaud@bio.gla.ac.uk

Plant Signaling & Behavior

|August 4, 2009

Summary

Plant root system architecture (RSA) shows natural genetic diversity, crucial for adapting to nutrient availability. EZ-Rhizo software aids in measuring these RSA traits for genetic studies.

Keywords:

Arabidopsis thaliana image analysis natural variation root architecture software

More Related Videos

RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols

RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols

Published on: August 8, 2017

A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits

A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits

Published on: February 10, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Extracting Metrics for Three-dimensional Root Systems: Volume and Surface Analysis from In-soil X-ray Computed Tomography Data

Extracting Metrics for Three-dimensional Root Systems: Volume and Surface Analysis from In-soil X-ray Computed Tomography Data

Published on: April 26, 2016

RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols

RGB and Spectral Root Imaging for Plant Phenotyping and Physiological Research: Experimental Setup and Imaging Protocols

Published on: August 8, 2017

A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits

A Simple Protocol for Mapping the Plant Root System Architecture Traits

Published on: February 10, 2023

Area of Science:

Plant biology
Genetics
Computational biology

Background:

Plants, as sessile organisms, rely on adaptable root systems to acquire resources.
Root system architecture (RSA) is a key plastic trait influenced by nutrition and environment.
Understanding RSA is vital for genetic studies on plant adaptation.

Discussion:

EZ-Rhizo software offers fast, accurate measurement of ~20 RSA parameters.
Natural variation in RSA was assessed across 23 Arabidopsis accessions.
RSA profiles reveal significant genetic resources for root growth and adaptation.

Key Insights:

Significant natural genetic variability exists in plant root system architecture.
EZ-Rhizo software effectively quantifies diverse RSA parameters.
RSA genetic diversity correlates with plant growth and environmental origins.

Outlook:

Leveraging RSA variability can enhance crop adaptation to diverse environments.
Further research can explore genotype-phenotype correlations for targeted breeding.
Computational tools like EZ-Rhizo are essential for high-throughput phenotyping in plant genetics.