Dyslipidemia therapy update: the importance of full lipid profile assessment

Lipid guidelines typically focus on total cholesterol +/- low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with less emphasis on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) or triglyceride assessment, thus potentially underestimating cardiovascular (CV) risk and the need for lifestyle or treatment optimization. In this article, we highlight how reliance on isolated total cholesterol assessment may miss prognostically relevant lipid abnormalities; we describe from the European Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) data set how incorporation of HDL-C may improve estimation of CV risk; and, finally, we critically evaluate the evidence base surrounding triglycerides and CV risk.