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Published on: February 22, 2019
Development of in vitro systems for nanotoxicology: methodological considerations
Vicki Stone1, Helinor Johnston, Roel P F Schins
1Edinburgh Napier University, UK. v.stone@napier.ac.uk
Critical Reviews in Toxicology
|August 5, 2009
Summary
This review addresses challenges in nanoparticle toxicity testing due to unique particle properties. It outlines key assays and strategies to ensure accurate assessment of cytotoxicity and biological reactivity.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Toxicology
- In Vitro Assays
Background:
- Diverse nanoparticle applications necessitate robust toxicity assessments.
- Unique nanoparticle properties can interfere with standard toxicity testing protocols.
- International efforts are underway to evaluate nanoparticle safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review common in vitro assays for assessing nanoparticle cytotoxicity and biological reactivity.
- To identify critical issues in nanoparticle toxicity testing, including controls and assay interference.
- To provide guidance for regulatory bodies and researchers in nanoparticle safety evaluation.
Main Methods:
- Review of established in vitro assays for nanoparticle toxicity.
- Discussion of assays for cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity.
- Emphasis on appropriate controls and systematic approaches to data interpretation.
Main Results:
- Nanoparticle properties can significantly impact assay outcomes, leading to potential misinterpretation.
- Specific challenges include particle interference, selection of relevant controls, and data validation.
- A systematic approach is crucial for reliable nanoparticle safety assessment.
Conclusions:
- Accurate in vitro toxicity testing of nanoparticles requires careful consideration of particle properties and assay interference.
- Standardized protocols and appropriate controls are essential for reliable data generation.
- This review supports the development of guidelines for nanoparticle risk assessment.
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