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Related Concept Videos

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a microtubule array...
Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a microtubule array...
The Mitotic Spindle02:27

The Mitotic Spindle

The mitotic spindle—or spindle apparatus—is a eukaryotic, cytoskeletal structure made up of long protein fibers called microtubules. Formed during cell division, the spindle separates sister chromatids and moves them to opposite ends of a parental cell, where the now individual chromosomes are distributed to two daughter cell nuclei.
The bipolar configuration of the mitotic spindle facilitates chromosomal segregation, preparing the cell for division. One mechanism that ensures bipolar mitotic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes
10:09

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: September 13, 2022

Reverse engineering of the spindle assembly checkpoint.

Andreas Doncic1, Eshel Ben-Jacob, Shmuel Einav

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

Plos One
|August 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers reverse-engineered the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC) network by analyzing gene deletion phenotypes. This computational approach successfully predicted chromosomal missegregation rates, revealing integrated protein functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC) is crucial for accurate chromosome segregation during cell division.
  • It prevents anaphase onset until all chromosomes are correctly attached to the mitotic spindle by inhibiting Cdc20, a key factor of the Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC).
  • While individual SAC protein functions are known, their integrated network behavior remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally reconstruct the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC) network using gene deletion phenotypes.
  • To develop a predictive model for chromosomal missegregation rates based on protein interactions within the SAC network.
  • To elucidate the integrated functions of SAC proteins through network analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of a general computational model to predict chromosomal missegregation rates.
  • Experimental measurement of missegregation rates in seven yeast strains with single or double gene deletions of SAC proteins.
  • Network inference by identifying interactions that accurately predict observed missegregation phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • A consistent SAC network was successfully reconstructed based on seven observed phenotypes.
  • The inferred network accurately predicted the missegregation rates for all tested deletion mutants.
  • The model successfully reproduced several known properties of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint.

Conclusions:

  • Reverse-engineering the SAC network from gene deletion data is a viable approach to understand complex biological pathways.
  • The study provides a robust model for the SAC network, offering insights into protein interactions and integrated functions.
  • This computational framework can be applied to study other complex cellular regulatory networks.