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Analysis of HBV-Specific CD4 T-cell Responses and Identification of HLA-DR-Restricted CD4 T-Cell Epitopes Based on a Peptide Matrix
Published on: October 20, 2021
Non-responsiveness to hepatitis B vaccination in HIV seropositive patients; possible causes and solutions
Rianne van den Berg1, Ingrid van Hoogstraten, Michiel van Agtmael
1VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Hyporesponsiveness (anti-HBs 10-100 IU/l) or non-responsiveness (anti-HBs < 10 IU/l) to hepatitis B vaccines is a problem in approximately 20-70% of HIV-positive patients. Mechanisms for impaired humoral and cellular immunity related to the HIV infection are reviewed. Contributing risk factors like age, gender, CD4+ T-cell count, HIV RNA load and coinfection with hepatitis C are highlighted. New developments in improving the HBV vaccine immunogenicity are discussed and clinical recommendations are given for HBV-re-vaccination of HIV patients who failed on standard HBV vaccination.
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