Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Structure of Cardiac Muscles

Structure of Cardiac Muscles

Cardiac muscle, or myocardium, is a specialized type of muscle found exclusively in the heart. Its unique structural and functional characteristics enable the heart to perform its vital role of pumping blood throughout the body continuously and rhythmically. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, possess an endomysium and perimysium but do not have an epimysium.
Compared to skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle cells are small and mostly have a single nucleus. Additionally, they are usually...

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials

In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each material's...

Mechanistic Models: Overview of Compartment Models

Mechanistic Models: Overview of Compartment Models

Mechanistic models, a category encompassing both physiological and compartmental modeling, differ from empirical models' approaches to incorporating known factors about the systems being modeled. Empirical models describe data with minimal assumptions, while mechanistic models aim to provide a robust description of available data by specifying assumptions and integrating known factors about the system. Compartmental analysis is a key example of a mechanistic model in pharmacokinetics and...

Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles

Specialized Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles

The primary role of cardiac muscles is to propel blood throughout the cardiovascular system. The cardiac muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, exhibit specialized characteristics that allow them to perform this function.
Cardiac muscle cells are smaller than skeletal muscles, averaging 10–20 mm in diameter and 50–100 mm in length. However, they have large energy demands for continuous contraction and relaxation. This energy is almost exclusively derived from aerobic metabolism of energy reserves in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Cellular Responses to Mechanical Cues Across Scales: From Fundamental Insights to Translational Potential.

Advanced healthcare materials·2026

Same author

Computational modeling of stent failure during crimping and deployment in coronary arteries.

Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology·2026

Same author

Influence of Fiber Dispersion Representation on the Accuracy of the Mechanical Response of Healthy and Aneurysmal Aortic Wall Tissue.

International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering·2026

Same author

Homocysteine and cholesterol in the biomechanics and structural remodeling of the aorta during the development of atherosclerosis.

Acta biomaterialia·2026

Same author

Effective porosity and fluid flow in macroporous ultrasoft hydrogels: An experimental characterization.

Acta biomaterialia·2026

Same author

Histological analysis, viscoelastic characterization, and modeling of human plantar fascia.

Acta biomaterialia·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Creating a Structurally Realistic Finite Element Geometric Model of a Cardiomyocyte to Study the Role of Cellular Architecture in Cardiomyocyte Systems Biology

Creating a Structurally Realistic Finite Element Geometric Model of a Cardiomyocyte to Study the Role of Cellular Architecture in Cardiomyocyte Systems Biology

Published on: April 18, 2018

Constitutive modelling of passive myocardium: a structurally based framework for material characterization.

Gerhard A Holzapfel¹, Ray W Ogden

¹Department of Solid Mechanics, School of Engineering Sciences, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Osquars Backe 1, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. holzapfel@tugraz.at

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences

|August 7, 2009

Summary

This study models passive myocardium tissue as an orthotropic material, developing a new constitutive model based on its unique structure. The model improves understanding of myocardial mechanics and highlights the need for more experimental data.

More Related Videos

Intravascular Ultrasound Image-Based Finite Element Modeling Approach for Quantifying In Vivo Mechanical Properties of Human Coronary Artery

Intravascular Ultrasound Image-Based Finite Element Modeling Approach for Quantifying In Vivo Mechanical Properties of Human Coronary Artery

Published on: December 6, 2024

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Creating a Structurally Realistic Finite Element Geometric Model of a Cardiomyocyte to Study the Role of Cellular Architecture in Cardiomyocyte Systems Biology

Creating a Structurally Realistic Finite Element Geometric Model of a Cardiomyocyte to Study the Role of Cellular Architecture in Cardiomyocyte Systems Biology

Published on: April 18, 2018

Intravascular Ultrasound Image-Based Finite Element Modeling Approach for Quantifying In Vivo Mechanical Properties of Human Coronary Artery

Intravascular Ultrasound Image-Based Finite Element Modeling Approach for Quantifying In Vivo Mechanical Properties of Human Coronary Artery

Published on: December 6, 2024

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Computational Mechanics
Cardiovascular Research

Background:

Passive myocardium tissue exhibits orthotropic material properties due to its complex microstructure.
Understanding myocardial mechanics is crucial for diagnosing and treating cardiac diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the morphology and mechanical response of passive myocardium.
To develop a general theoretical framework for myocardium as a non-homogeneous, nonlinear elastic material.
To create a structurally based constitutive model accounting for muscle fiber and myocyte sheet architecture.

Main Methods:

Review of existing constitutive models for passive myocardium.
Development of a theoretical framework based on invariants for orthotropic materials.
Creation of a new model incorporating muscle fiber and myocyte sheet structure.
Application and fitting of the model to simple shear and biaxial deformation data.

Main Results:

The myocardium is characterized as an orthotropic, non-homogeneous, nonlinearly elastic, and incompressible material.
A novel constitutive model was developed, accounting for the structural hierarchy of the myocardium.
The model's application revealed limitations in current biaxial testing for characterizing myocardial orthotropy.

Conclusions:

The developed model provides a more accurate representation of passive myocardium mechanics.
Further experimental data is essential for refining constitutive models of myocardial tissue.
The study emphasizes the importance of structural anisotropy in myocardial biomechanics.