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Study on clinical features and complications with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity in Chinese Han
Lian Hong Li1, Hai Feng Pan, Wen Xian Li
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China.
Insights
This study identified key clinical factors like neuropsychiatric involvement and nephritis that significantly indicate active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in Chinese patients. Understanding these indicators aids in better disease management and predicting organ damage.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Immunology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune condition with varied organ involvement and disease activity.
- Accurate assessment of SLE activity is crucial for effective patient management and preventing long-term damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between clinical characteristics, organ involvement, and disease activity in a Chinese Han population with SLE.
- To identify key factors associated with active SLE for improved clinical assessment.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 1,490 SLE inpatients.
- Disease activity assessed using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI).
- Statistical analyses included Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Neuropsychiatric involvement, nephritis, arthralgia, anti-dsDNA, serositis, hypocomplementemia, oral ulcerations, elevated ESR, low C3, hematological abnormalities, and systolic hypertension were significantly associated with active SLE.
- Headaches, anti-RNP, anti-Sm, CRP, and anemia were not significant predictors of SLE activity.
- Urinary, respiratory, and central nervous system involvement were more frequent in active SLE.
Conclusions:
- Specific clinical and laboratory findings are strong indicators of SLE disease activity in the Chinese Han population.
- This research provides a valuable compendium of factors for evaluating SLE activity and predicting organ damage.
- Findings can guide clinical assessments and management strategies for SLE patients.
Abstract:
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs/systems with variable activities. We performed a retrospective study to investigate the relationship of clinical characteristics and complications with SLE activity in Chinese Han population. A cohort of 1,490 SLE inpatients was evaluated for disease activity using the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI). Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used to compare differences of clinical and laboratory features between active and inactive SLE patients. Logistic regression was chosen to explore the pattern of risk factors for disease activity. We found that neuropsychiatric involvement, nephritis, arthralgia, anti-dsDNA, serositis, hypocomplementemia, oral ulcerations, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, low C3, hematological abnormalities, and systolic pressure (1.010 < odds ratio < 10.568, 1.002 < 95% confidence interval < 31.599, 0.000 < P < 0.026) were major factors associated with disease activity, but not headaches, anti-ribonucleoprotein or anti-Sm, C-reactive protein, and anemia (P > 0.05, respectively). The involvements of urinary system, respiratory system, and central nervous system were significantly more frequent in active SLE than inactive SLE (0.000 < P < 0.014), except for alimentary system (P = 0.399). Our study has comprehensively evaluated the relationship of clinical characteristics and organs/systems involvement of SLE with SLEDAI in Chinese Han population and presented a compendium of factors affecting SLE, which should be useful for better evaluating disease activity and predicting organs/systems damage in SLE for clinical assessments and managements.
