Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antibody binding geometry and affinity control inhibitory hFcγRIIB receptor signaling.

Immunity·2026
Same author

Metabolic profile association with white matter hyperintensity in patients with mild cognitive impairment.

IBRO neuroscience reports·2026
Same author

Identification of a Rejection Signature and Distinct Inflammatory Alveolar Macrophage Populations Post-lung Transplantation.

Transplantation·2026
Same author

Nomenclature for Factors of the HLA System, 2026.

HLA·2026
Same author

Characterisation of human in vitro tumour-associated macrophage models to define translational relevance.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

CD40L and IL-4 suppress NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity through the HLA-E:NKG2A axis.

Immunotherapy advances·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
10:25

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Published on: April 22, 2021

Alternative mRNA splicing creates transcripts encoding soluble proteins from most LILR genes.

Des C Jones1, Ali Roghanian, Damien P Brown

  • 1Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK. dcj28@cam.ac.uk

European Journal of Immunology
|August 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered a common splicing mechanism creating soluble Leucocyte Ig-like Receptors (LILR) from human LILR genes. Soluble LILRB1 can inhibit interactions with HLA-class I, suggesting a regulatory role for these soluble immune receptors.

More Related Videos

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
08:53

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
11:48

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: October 9, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
10:25

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Published on: April 22, 2021

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
08:53

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
11:48

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: October 9, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Leucocyte Ig-like receptors (LILR) are key innate immune receptors on myeloid and lymphoid cells.
  • LILR signaling influences adaptive immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify mechanisms generating soluble LILR isoforms.
  • To investigate the function of soluble LILRB1.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of alternative mRNA splicing in human LILR.
  • Detection of LILR transcripts in various cell types.
  • Expression and characterization of soluble LILRB1 protein.
  • In vitro assays to assess LILRB1-HLA interactions.

Main Results:

  • A common alternative splicing mechanism generates soluble LILR isoforms lacking transmembrane domains.
  • Alternative LILR transcripts are found in cells expressing membrane-bound LILR.
  • Soluble LILRB1 protein was detected in cell culture supernatants.
  • Soluble LILRB1 inhibits the interaction between membrane-associated LILRB1 and HLA-class I.

Conclusions:

  • Soluble LILR isoforms are generated through alternative splicing.
  • Soluble LILRB1 acts as a dominant-negative regulator of LILRB1-mediated inhibition of HLA-class I.
  • Other soluble LILR isoforms may have similar regulatory functions.