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Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
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Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
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Published on: September 8, 2023

Quantum-thermal annealing with a cluster-flip algorithm.

Satoshi Morita1, Sei Suzuki, Tota Nakamura

  • 1International School for Advanced Studies, Trieste 34151, Italy.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a quantum-thermal annealing method for spin-glass models. A novel approach using a transverse field pulse yields good approximate solutions efficiently.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum computing

Background:

  • Spin-glass models are complex systems with disordered magnetic properties.
  • Quantum-thermal annealing is a promising method for solving optimization problems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a quantum-thermal annealing method for the 2D spin-glass model.
  • To explore the effect of simultaneous temperature and transverse field reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a cluster-flip algorithm within a quantum-thermal annealing framework.
  • Simultaneously decreased temperature (T) and transverse field (Gamma) linearly.
  • Applied an additional pulse of the transverse field to frozen local spins.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a good approximate solution for the spin-glass model.
  • Demonstrated low computational cost for the proposed method.
  • Identified the effectiveness of the transverse field pulse on frozen spins.

Conclusions:

  • The studied quantum-thermal annealing method is effective for spin-glass models.
  • Simultaneous T and Gamma reduction combined with a transverse field pulse offers an efficient approach.
  • This method provides a viable strategy for complex optimization problems.