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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO₂ Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

Published on: July 2, 2020

Flow in linearly sheared two-dimensional foams: From bubble to bulk scale.

Gijs Katgert¹, Andrzej Latka, Matthias E Möbius

¹Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Universiteit Leiden, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|August 8, 2009

Summary

Disordered 2D foams show complex flow behavior dependent on driving rate and disorder. A simple model explains these flows by considering bubble-bubble and bubble-plate drag forces, revealing disorder

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Area of Science:

Soft Matter Physics
Rheology
Foam Dynamics

Background:

Two-dimensional (2D) foams offer a simplified system to study complex fluid behavior.
Understanding foam flow is crucial for applications ranging from food science to materials engineering.
Disorder in foams significantly impacts their macroscopic properties and flow dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the flow behavior of 2D foams under varying conditions of driving rate, packing fraction, and disorder.
To adapt and validate a simple physical model for predicting foam flow profiles.
To elucidate the role of disorder in modifying the rheological properties of foams.

Main Methods:

Experimental probing of 2D foam flow using a monolayer of bubbles between liquid and glass.
Adaptation of a theoretical model balancing bubble-bubble and bubble-plate drag forces.
Independent rheological measurements to validate model assumptions for drag forces.

Main Results:

Disordered foams exhibit rate-dependent, shear-banded velocity profiles, unlike rate-independent ordered foams.
The adapted model successfully captures observed flow behaviors with modified exponents (β) for disordered systems.
Flow profiles become more shear-banded with increasing packing fraction (wetness), with a jamming density (φc ≈ 0.84).

Conclusions:

Disorder qualitatively alters effective bubble-bubble drag forces, influencing overall foam rheology.
The simple drag-force-based model provides a robust framework for understanding foam flow, even across different packing fractions.
Findings offer insights into the ubiquitous Herschel-Bulkley rheology observed in various disordered materials.