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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...

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Combining Microfluidics and Microrheology to Determine Rheological Properties of Soft Matter during Repeated Phase Transitions

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Active and nonlinear microrheology in dense colloidal suspensions.

I Gazuz¹, A M Puertas, Th Voigtmann

¹Fachbereich Physik, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.

Physical Review Letters

|August 8, 2009

Summary

We developed a theory for active nonlinear microrheology in colloidal systems. This explains how a probe particle moves through a dense fluid under force, matching experimental and simulation data.

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Area of Science:

Colloid Science
Soft Matter Physics
Rheology

Background:

Active nonlinear microrheology studies probe dynamics in complex fluids.
Understanding particle delocalization from glassy states is crucial.
Hydrodynamic interactions are often neglected in simplified models.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a first-principles theory for active nonlinear microrheology.
To derive an exact friction expression for a probe particle under constant force.
To investigate the threshold force for probe delocalization from a colloidal glass.

Main Methods:

First-principles theoretical approach.
Derivation of an exact friction expression.
Application of mode-coupling theory.
Comparison with experimental microrheology data and simulations.

Main Results:

An exact friction expression was derived for a spherical probe under constant external force.
Mode-coupling theory identified the threshold force for probe delocalization.
The theory explains strong nonlinear velocity-force curves in colloidal fluids.
A simplified model successfully explains experimental and simulation results.

Conclusions:

The presented theory accurately describes active nonlinear microrheology in colloidal systems.
The findings provide insights into probe particle behavior near glass transitions.
The work bridges theoretical predictions with experimental and simulation observations.