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Deformation crossover: from nano- to mesoscale.

S Cheng1, A D Stoica, X-L Wang

  • 1Neutron Scattering Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|August 8, 2009
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Summary

Plastic deformation in nickel (Ni) changes with grain size. Nanocrystalline Ni deforms via grain boundaries, while ultrafine-grained Ni utilizes both dislocation slip and twinning, which increases with grain size.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Metallurgy
  • Solid Mechanics

Background:

  • Deformation mechanisms in metals are strongly influenced by grain size.
  • Dislocation slip is the primary mechanism in coarse-grained metals.
  • Understanding nanoscale deformation is crucial for advanced material applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of grain size on deformation mechanisms in nickel (Ni).
  • To differentiate deformation pathways in nanocrystalline, ultrafine-grained, and coarse-grained Ni.
  • To elucidate the role of grain boundaries and twinning in plastic deformation.

Main Methods:

  • In situ synchrotron and neutron diffraction techniques were employed.
  • Deformation behavior was studied across a wide range of Ni grain sizes.
  • Analysis focused on intergranular strain and texture development.

Main Results:

  • In nanocrystalline Ni, plastic deformation is dominated by grain boundary activities, not dislocation slip.
  • Evidence includes the absence of significant intergranular strain and texture development in nanocrystalline Ni.
  • In ultrafine-grained Ni, both dislocation slip and deformation twinning are active, with twinning propensity increasing with grain size.

Conclusions:

  • Grain size fundamentally alters deformation mechanisms in nickel.
  • Nanocrystalline Ni deformation relies on grain boundary processes.
  • Ultrafine-grained Ni exhibits a transition involving both dislocation slip and deformation twinning.