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Biological Treatment of Effluent and Waste Water01:30

Biological Treatment of Effluent and Waste Water

Biological wastewater treatment relies on the metabolic activity of microorganisms to remove pollutants from sewage. In modern treatment systems, this process is organized into sequential stages that progressively reduce solid material, dissolved organic matter, and microbial contamination. Each stage plays a distinct role in improving water quality and preparing the effluent for safe discharge or reuse.Primary and Secondary TreatmentPrimary treatment is a physical process that removes large...
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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities
08:13

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Published on: December 25, 2015

[Combined MBR-RO process treating high strength wastewater].

Fei-Fei Zhou1, Han-Min Zhang, Zhi-Min Fu

  • 1Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. feifeijoying1984@yahoo.com.cn

Huan Jing Ke Xue= Huanjing Kexue
|August 11, 2009
PubMed
Summary

This study shows an advanced wastewater treatment system effectively removes organic matter and nitrogen, producing high-quality effluent suitable for reuse. Membrane fouling by microbial products was identified as a key challenge.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Water Treatment Technologies
  • Microbiology

Context:

  • Conventional wastewater treatment struggles with efficient nitrogen and organic removal.
  • Advanced treatment systems like Membrane Bioreactors (MBR) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) offer potential solutions.
  • Understanding system performance and limitations is crucial for effective wastewater reuse.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the performance of an Anoxic/Oxic-Membrane Bioreactor/Reverse Osmosis (A/O-MBR/RO) system for removing Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Nitrogen (TN).
  • To assess the effluent water quality for suitability in municipal wastewater reuse applications.
  • To analyze the impact of the COD/N ratio on nitrogen removal efficiency and identify membrane fouling mechanisms.

Summary:

  • The A/O-MBR/RO system demonstrated high removal efficiencies for organic matter (95.6%) and nitrogen (up to 89.4%).
  • Effluent quality met reuse standards with low TOC, TN, and hardness.
  • Nitrogen removal was influenced by the COD/N ratio, with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) in the aerobic zone playing a key role.
  • Membrane fouling on the RO system was primarily caused by soluble microbial products.

Impact:

  • Provides critical data on the efficacy of A/O-MBR/RO systems for advanced wastewater treatment and reuse.
  • Highlights the importance of the COD/N ratio in optimizing nitrogen removal processes.
  • Identifies soluble microbial products as a major contributor to RO membrane fouling, guiding future mitigation strategies.